The Delhi Sultanate

Five Dynasties and the Birth of Indo-Islamic Culture (1206 AD - 1526 AD)

Mamluk Dynasty (1206-1290)

The Slave Kings

Founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak. This era saw the construction of the Qutub Minar. Raziya Sultan became the first female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.

Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320)

Alauddin Khalji

Known for his strict market reforms and massive military expansion. He successfully defended India against several Mongol invasions.

Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414)

Muhammad bin Tughlaq

A scholar-king known for ambitious but controversial projects like shifting the capital to Daulatabad and introducing token currency.

Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526)

The Last Sultans

The first Afghan dynasty. Ibrahim Lodi was the last ruler, who was defeated by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat (1526), marking the start of the Mughal Empire.